Ethics

The Ethics of Spartan Governance

Exploring the philosophical debates surrounding ancient Sparta's unique governance system and its treatment of helots.

2026-01-01

The Futility of Retributive Justice

A critical examination of Socrates' argument against retributive justice in ancient Athens, its implications for contemporary debates about punishment, rehabilitation, and social justice.

2026-01-01

The Limits of Public Engagement

Exploring Socrates' reluctance to engage in public affairs through his own philosophical framework, divine sign, anomie, and concerns about morality and politics.

2026-01-01

The Dangers of Unjust Condemnation

The concept of unjust condemnation has been debated throughout history, with various philosophers contributing to the discussion, emphasizing civic engagement and moral responsibility.

2026-01-01

The Apology: A Historical Dialogue

The Apology is a historical dialogue written by Plato, presenting Socrates' speech at his trial in ancient Athens, exploring Socratic method, rhetoric, and philosophy.

2026-01-01

The Enigmatic Socrates

A detailed overview of Socrates' life, teachings, and significance in the development of Western philosophy, exploring key concepts like the elenchus, phronesis, and Socratic irony.

2026-01-01

The Athenian Golden Age: A Time of Philosophical Innovation

The Athenian Golden Age marked a pivotal moment in Western philosophical history, with the emergence of Sophism, Socratic method, and other innovations that laid the groundwork for later developments in ethics, metaphysics, and natural science.

2026-01-01