Intellectual History

The Futility of Retributive Justice

A critical examination of Socrates' argument against retributive justice in ancient Athens, its implications for contemporary debates about punishment, rehabilitation, and social justice.

2026-01-01

The Limits of Public Engagement

Exploring Socrates' reluctance to engage in public affairs through his own philosophical framework, divine sign, anomie, and concerns about morality and politics.

2026-01-01

The Oracle's Dilemma: A Study on Socratic Wisdom

An exploration of Socrates' inquiry into wisdom, sparked by the Oracle's response, examining the Socratic method, its implications for human understanding, and its enduring influence on Western philosophy.

2026-01-01

The Apology: A Historical Dialogue

The Apology is a historical dialogue written by Plato, presenting Socrates' speech at his trial in ancient Athens, exploring Socratic method, rhetoric, and philosophy.

2026-01-01

The Limits of Xenophon's Testimony

Understanding the complexities of Xenophon's testimony on Socratic thought, its historical context, and implications for philosophical inquiry.

2026-01-01

The Enigmatic Socrates

A detailed overview of Socrates' life, teachings, and significance in the development of Western philosophy, exploring key concepts like the elenchus, phronesis, and Socratic irony.

2026-01-01

The Athenian Golden Age: A Time of Philosophical Innovation

The Athenian Golden Age marked a pivotal moment in Western philosophical history, with the emergence of Sophism, Socratic method, and other innovations that laid the groundwork for later developments in ethics, metaphysics, and natural science.

2026-01-01